​To understand cryptocurrencies, one must understand blockchain—the underlying technology. A blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger that records transactions across a network of computers. Unlike traditional databases managed by a single bank, a blockchain is immutable (unchangeable) and transparent.


​Security is maintained through consensus mechanisms, primarily Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS). These mechanisms ensure that no single entity can alter the transaction history, effectively eliminating the need for a "trusted middleman" like a
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