Despite their rapid growth, cryptocurrencies face significant hurdles before achieving mass adoption:

​Regulatory Uncertainty: Governments worldwide are struggling to classify crypto assets, balancing consumer protection with technological innovation.
​Scalability: Blockchains can be slow. While credit card networks process tens of thousands of transactions per second, older blockchains handle significantly less, leading to high transaction fees during peak times.
​Environmental Concerns: Proof of Work mining requires immense computational energy, prompting a industry-wide shift toward more eco-friendly Proof of Stake networks.