PANews February 20 News, Vitalik Buterin posted on X platform that there is significant synergy between the FOCIL mechanism and the account abstraction proposal Ethereum’s EIP-8141 (based on 7701). EIP-8141 elevates smart accounts (including multisig, quantum-resistant signatures, key changes, gas sponsorship, etc.) to “first-class citizens,” meaning operations from these accounts can be directly packaged as on-chain transactions without additional wrapping. Additionally, privacy protocols can also implement multi-tenant account modes via paymaster or 2D nonce mechanisms, thereby receiving native support at the same level.
FOCIL provides a censorship-resistant fast transaction inclusion mechanism. When combined, various transactions—including smart wallet transactions, gas sponsorship transactions, and privacy protocol transactions—can be included in blocks through one of 17 roles (proposers or inclusers) randomly selected each slot. Vitalik stated that this design can ensure transactions are almost certainly confirmed on-chain within 1–2 slots in adversarial environments.
In the current version, each FOCIL is approximately 8 KB in size, relatively small, but future expansion paths exist to support most transactions in a block entering via FOCIL channels. This architecture is similar in features to the Multi- proposer Chain Protocol (MCP) design, but unlike MCP, FOCIL does not control the “last look” related to MEV; this role is still allocated through the ePBS auction mechanism.
Vitalik emphasized that even if 100% of block slots are monopolized by adversaries through the proposer-builder separation (PBS) mechanism, refusing to connect to public mempools or discriminate against specific applications, FOCIL can still ensure all transactions are quickly included. While this design does not eliminate the centralization risk of proposers, it significantly weakens their power.
Under the EIP-8141 framework, transactions from smart wallets or privacy protocols can be directly received by FOCIL inclusers via the public mempool, without additional intermediaries or wrapping processes. Vitalik summarized that Ethereum is accelerating core architecture upgrades.
Disclaimer: The information on this page may come from third parties and does not represent the views or opinions of Gate. The content displayed on this page is for reference only and does not constitute any financial, investment, or legal advice. Gate does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information and shall not be liable for any losses arising from the use of this information. Virtual asset investments carry high risks and are subject to significant price volatility. You may lose all of your invested principal. Please fully understand the relevant risks and make prudent decisions based on your own financial situation and risk tolerance. For details, please refer to
Disclaimer.
Related Articles
Three weeks ago, a whale built a position in ETH and then liquidated 4,790 ETH, incurring a loss of approximately $125,000.
On-chain analyst detected that an address liquidated 4,790.33 ETH on March 8, incurring a loss of approximately $125,000. The address withdrew ETH at an average price of $1,971.98 in mid-February, and after holding for three weeks, recharged at $1,945.85. It previously had an unrealized profit of nearly $1 million on March 5.
GateNews44m ago
ETH/BTC Ratio Locks Into Tight Range – Why the 0.03 Level Is the Key to Ethereum’s Next Big Move
The ETH/BTC ratio indicates ongoing hype in altcoin season and the continuing march of Bitcoin to new heights. Ethereum and Bitcoin are moving closely together than they have before (with little distance between them) as indicated by the ETH/BTC ratio reaching some of the tightest historical
BlockChainReporter2h ago
Hidden "Death Spiral" Risk! Ethereum and Bitmine targeted by short-selling institutions
Ethereum is about to undergo a major upgrade, and the market is highly focused on it. However, short-selling firm Culper Research believes that the Ethereum economic model is failing and warns of a potential "death spiral." They point out that a significant drop in transaction fees and shrinking staking rewards will impact network security. The report also mentions Vitalik Buterin selling Ethereum and questions the market fundamentals, suggesting that Ethereum is facing a new reality.
区块客2h ago
Yesterday, Ethereum spot ETFs had a total net outflow of $82,851,900, and none of the nine ETFs experienced net inflow.
On March 7th, Ethereum spot ETFs experienced a total net outflow of $82,851,900, with all nine ETFs showing no net inflow. Among them, Fidelity FETH saw an outflow of $67,566,900, and Grayscale ETH Trust experienced an outflow of $5,997,900. As of now, the total net asset value of ETFs is $11.283 billion.
GateNews3h ago
