Cambridge Research: 31% of Ethereum Node Activity in US, Where One-Third Offline Can Stall Finalization

According to research published Friday by the Cambridge Center for Alternative Finance, nearly a third of Ethereum node activity is hosted in the United States, while roughly 39% is distributed across the European Union excluding the UK. Alexander Neumuller, research lead at the center, noted that Ethereum does not require half of its validators to fail to cause disruption; once more than a third go offline simultaneously, checkpoints stop finalizing.

The updated report also revised Ethereum's energy consumption estimates to approximately 7.9 gigawatt-hours annually, representing a 99.98% reduction compared to pre-merge levels. Sustainable power usage across the network now exceeds 56%, compared with a global average of 43%.