The Bitcoin mining industry is facing severe challenges. As cryptocurrency prices decline, energy prices soar, and geopolitical risks escalate, many miners are caught in a situation of “mining more but losing more.”
Data from the on-chain analytics platform Checkonchain’s “Difficulty Regression Model” (which estimates the average production cost based on network difficulty and energy input) shows that as of March 13, the cost to mine one Bitcoin has skyrocketed to $88,000.
However, at the time of writing, the spot price of Bitcoin is around $68,000. This means that for each Bitcoin produced, miners are incurring nearly $20,000 in losses; translated, this results in a loss of 21% for every block mined.
Cost Storm and Geopolitical Pressure: Oil Prices Surpassing $100 Become a Death Knell
Since Bitcoin plummeted from its peak of $126,000 last October, falling below the $70,000 mark, miners’ profit margins have been continually squeezed; the recent outbreak of conflict in Iran has become the last straw that broke the camel’s back.
International oil prices have breached the $100 per barrel mark, directly increasing the massive electricity expenses required for mining. As a result, approximately 8% to 10% of the global hash rate, located in regions extremely sensitive to Middle Eastern energy supplies, is experiencing the most severe impacts.
To make matters worse, commercial shipping through the Strait of Hormuz, which controls about 20% of the world’s oil and gas transport, has nearly come to a standstill. Coupled with U.S. President Donald Trump’s issuance of a “48-hour ultimatum,” threatening to attack Iranian power plants, the chain reactions of geopolitical tensions have made miners’ situations increasingly precarious.
Network Data Sounds Alarm: Hash Rate Loss and Delayed Block Times
Signs of miners exiting the market are gradually reflecting in network indicators.
The difficulty of Bitcoin mining was recently adjusted down by 7.76% to 133.79 T. This marks the second-largest decline in 2026, following an 11.16% drop in February due to the impact of the “Fern” winter storm. Currently, the difficulty of Bitcoin mining is not only down nearly 10% from the beginning of the year but is also far below the historical high of nearly 155 T reached in November 2025.
Additionally, the total network hash rate has significantly retreated to around 920 EH/s, far below the astounding record of 1 Zettahash (1,000 EH/s) set in 2025.
The loss of hash rate has led to an average block time being extended to 12 minutes and 36 seconds in the last difficulty adjustment cycle, far exceeding the original design of Bitcoin’s 10 minutes.
Sell-Off Wave Emerges: Not Just an Industry Crisis, But a Structural Market Risk
According to the hash rate index released by Luxor mining pool, the “Hashprice,” which measures expected income per unit of hash rate for miners, is currently hovering around “$33.30 per day per PH/s.” This figure is nearly at the breakeven point for most mining machines, just a step away from the historical low of $28 set on February 23.
When expenses exceed income, the only lifeline for miners is to “sell Bitcoin for cash.”
This forced liquidation undoubtedly brings heavy selling pressure to an already weak market. It is important to note that currently, as much as 43% of Bitcoin holdings are in a loss state, and large whale holders are also taking the opportunity to sell at high prices during the rebound, along with high-leverage positions dominating price trends. In other words, the pressures faced by miners now are not only industry issues but are gradually evolving into significant variables affecting market structure.
Mining Companies’ Fight for Survival: Turning to AI and Hash Rate Transformation
Facing the predicament of “losing money every day,” publicly listed mining companies are increasingly seeking transformation, extending their vast computing resources into the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and high-performance computing (HPC) in hopes of obtaining more stable cash flows than mining. Major miners, including Marathon Digital and Cipher Mining, have begun to expand data centers based on their existing mining sites.
According to data forecasts from CoinWarz, the next difficulty adjustment for mining is expected to occur in early April and is likely to be further lowered. If Bitcoin prices do not return to the mining cost line of $88,000 soon, this wave of “miner exodus” is bound to continue spreading.
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